Skip to content


Eastern Religions and Science

Philip Goldberg argues, over at Huffington Post, that Eastern Religions are more friendly to science then their Western counterparts.  The claim is a little simplistic, for sure, but interesting to think about.  One only has to think about the many Hindu Gurus whom have denied some claim of science because it doesn’t reconcile with science.  What is true, though, is that many South Asian and East Asian traditions have been based on investigation, rather then blind acceptance of revelation–this isn’t true across the board.

I usually tell my students that Buddhism is not a religion of faith, but of realization.  It sets out a program for investigation that is supposed to help someone realize certain truths.  Of course, one only has to look at Pure Land Buddhism, and even many phases of more traditional Buddhism, to find places where faith in a particular Buddha or Bodhisattva is held as necessary, and this is often lacking the deep examination of the dialectic of faith and doubt that Christianity provides.

I think that the problem is the classic one of dividing faiths into “Eastern” and “Western” and assuming that they hold completely different, unique, essential ways of being.  What is interesting in studying religion, and perhaps most worthwhile, is noticing common patterns across traditions.  Do we see similar denials of science in faith intensive movements verses movements based on some sort of practical program of investigation?  What are the traits of a religious mode that can enter into dialog with science.  Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam–all can be both pro and anti-scientific, and maybe whether they are more or less so relies less on the overarching structure of the tradition then on the specifics of given movement within the tradition.

Posted in Nature and Science, Reflections.


More on beliefnet

Paul Harvey has an additional comment on BeliefNet, re-framing it into the discussion of religion in the marketplace.  Studying large media institutions, especially commercial ones like Beliefnet, is a significant contribution to examining religion in America, but I often find it a little soft.  I have been wanting to read Selling God, the book Harvey points to, for a while now.  This may spur me to go ahead and do so, especially with my American Religion course running again in the spring.  Issues of the “spiritual marketplace” certainly come up in Chidester’s Authentic Fakes, one of the books I am using.

More interesting, perhaps, in another post Harvey points to recent Pew research on the demography of religious conservatism, showing that religious conservatism may be more aligned with progressive politics then conservative politics, at least based on party affiliation.

Posted in American Religion, Current Events, Teaching.


BeliefNet

I learned today from the Wild Hunt that BeliefNet has been sold to BN Media.  Jason does a good job of identifying some affiliations of BeliefNet’s new owners and the potential shake up this might bring for alternative religions.  Honestly, I haven’t really been as impressed with BeliefNet.  Back when I was teaching a Religion and Media class at Penn, I found it a good resource for my students to explore religion on the web, but over time the quality of content has deteriorated, as it seems to have oriented itself to a less sophisticated market segment.

I am trying to put together a good set of online resources for my current students, though, especially my students in my Introduction to Comparative Religion Sections at Austin Community College.  I know of a number of good news/blog pages, but I would also like to find good portals and other resources.  The Wild Hunt suggests Patheos, which looks like it takes up where BeliefNet stopped years ago, but I am honestly turned off by the layout.

Posted in American Religion, Current Events, Media.


Learning from Ritual

For the past several months, in addition to coordinating and Online Writing Lab and teaching two sections of Introduction to Comparative Religion, I have been teaching a graduate class for Cherry Hill Seminary called Understanding the Ritual Experience.  For those of you who aren’t familiar with Cherry Hill, it is a Pagan seminary offering several different masters level programs related to the Pagan ministry.  There have certainly been many attempts at creating such a seminary, but what seems to make Cherry Hill work is its ongoing commitment to academic credentialing and its incorporation of e-learning.  Classes are completely online, although there are periodic intensives that Cherry Hill sponsors around the country.

I had been observing Cherry Hill from a distance for years, as members of the project often appeared at both the Conference on Pagan Studies and at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Religion.  I had expressed interest in teaching there, thinking I would primarily teach some sort of academic writing course, and was told to submit a proposal—but I didn’t have a good sense of what they wanted for a proposal; and with a busy a schedule, I just kept forgetting to pursue it.  Finally, last September, Macha Nightmare, whom I had formed a friendship with over the years, called me and asked me if I would be interested in teaching a “ritual theory” course in the Spring.  I didn’t quite know how much I would have on my plate at the time, and I agreed with little hesitation.

A the core of my motivation, was something more then a desire to assist with developing an institution for the magical community that I considered vital to our growth.  I have, for quite some time, believed that ritual studies still has much to learn from contemporary Paganism.  Ritual studies folks sometime seem a bit winded by all the Pagans that flood their ranks, and I get the feeling sometimes that, while they feel they have learned a bit from Pagan studies, this particular well of inquiry has been exhausted.  As someone both deeply embedded in the literature on ritual studies (and increasingly embedded in ritual studies institutions) and in the Pagan and magical community, I just do not believe this to be true.  Paganism provides a vital, active community that shares its historical culture (and thus its underlying assumptions—what hermeneutics might refer to as a “common sense”) with ritual studies and is actively engaged in constant experimentation with ritual.   Many concepts drift from academic discourse on ritual into the Pagan community and are tested in application, and so I believe that there is somewhat of a common language between the two communities.  So, I was excited.  I looked forward to a class where I would get to dialog with Pagans about ritual, looking at ritual theory together, seeing how it reflected into their experience with ritual, seeing if the academic language worked or not.

Sooner than I expected, the semester arrived; and I was caught up in suddenly having to administer the Online Writing Lab I coordinate on my own (last semester I had a team-member, another OWL instructor, who ended up leaving to pursue her own business), teaching two sections of Comparative Religion, putting together a panel on religion and dissent for Austin Community College, and putting together and teaching this class on ritual.  Honestly, the first month or so was as much about learning how to engage in the completely online learning environment as anything else.  So, as I coast into the middle of my semester, I am only now beginning to have the opportunity to reflect on what I am learning about ritual here.  At this preliminary stage, I’m seeing two things:

  1. I probably over-estimated the common language.  I’m finding the students at Cherry Hill are having a much harder time with the conceptual language coming from ritual studies then I had anticipated.  This is, in part, just the fact that many of them, while often holding advanced professional degrees, may not have a specific academic background in either religious studies or cultural anthropology.  As they begin to grow more comfortable with the language, they are making the connections with their own experience.  That said, there seems a deep suspicion that the “theory,” even when developed as an explanatory theory of ethnographic material, is too distant from application.  The challenge for me has been to articulate that link from a literature that is often trying to make sure it doesn’t get accused of advocating any particular religious position.  It’s no surprise then, that they tend to like Ronald Grimes, who has been refreshingly unapologetic over the years in voicing a practical application for ritual studies.
  2. I am finding important ideas emerging that don’t seem particularly emphasized in the literature of ritual studies.  A good example that I have been wrestling with is the concept of trust.  During one class chat session, I became convinced that the students’ primary concern for the efficacy of ritual was trust.  To my knowledge, there is little discussion of the importance of trust, aside from Roy Rappaport (and he uses the concept in terms of information theory), anywhere in the literature; and yet here, for practitioners, it seemed extremely important (and I could see hints of its significance, though not recognized, in the wider ethnographic record).

It’s too early to conclude if my intimation was true, if there still is a deep well to plumb here.  I’m enjoying the class and finding it very intellectually engaging, and so I’ll probably offer it again—most likely significantly revised based on what I am learning about what will serve these students best.

Posted in Ritual, Teaching.


Updates and Changes

Well, after some work I’ve done a major overhaul on the web page. I’ve decided to cut the old wiki and just use WordPress for content managing on the whole web-page. This means getting rid of the old blog and moving everything to the main directory, etc. It’s been a bit of a hassle, but I think I’ll like it better with just the single focus for interaction–hopefully a cleaner, more uniform cite.

Since WordPress supports tags I am probably going to do re-do the categories and try to get them down to just a half-dozen or so, and then just tags for the wider spread. We’ll see how that works. I’m still working out how wordpress does everything.

Anyway, keep an eye here for future updates.

Posted in Meta.


Once, while talking to a colleague I worked with in the residential system at Penn, I lamented how busy I was as a graduate student, between teaching, my administrative responsibilities, and writing my dissertation.  He scoffed at me.  He thought he was busy as a graduate student, he said, but it wasn’t until he became a junior faculty that he really began to understand what busy is.

I’m beginning to understand where he was coming from.  As of August 15th, I have exited the land of graduate students and entered that of the doctored.  Unfortunately, this hasn’t been as a full-time faculty anywhere,  though this is unsurprising as I withheld from the job market last year to give myself an additional year in Austin before moving on, if that needed to be the case. But within a week of graduating, I found myself employed with not one, but two, new jobs–coordinating the Online Writing Lab at St. Edwards University and serving as adjunct religion faculty at Austin Community College. I’m also still working for a private firm that contracts out online tutoring services to a number of educational institutions around the world.

More then anything else, this means that I am busy. I am busy in a highly scheduled way, and I begin to understand the lament of people in the profession that they don’t have time for their research. I was certainly ready for a break by the time I turned in my dissertation, but I’m already beginning to miss the writing. What little bits of time I have right now are dedicated to family, work in my own religious community, and job applications.  The latter should level off by November, and I am looking forward to that time to take a break and to get some work done.

I am also, though, very happy to be teaching religious studies again. My experience teaching writing was certainly lovely, and I hope I have opportunities to teach writing courses in the future, but it is a different experience of teaching when you are really helping students understand religious worlds. I feel more rusty then I expected, especially since I have been teaching writing classes focused on religious studies over the last few years, but that may be more my own perfectionist neurosis with my teaching then reality. I keep checking in with my students who come to office hours, and they report that they like the class. I am glad to see that a lot of the collaborative techniques I developed for teaching writing classes are translating well into an introductory comparative religions classroom.  I think I particularly have my colleague to thank, who included the

Posted in Reflections, Teaching.


The folks over at Savage Minds share a nice video from Michael Weiss on digital media and learning in the classroom. It’s an hour-long lecture but worth spending some time watching.

I know that myself and some of my colleagues have incorporated digital media, especially user-built digital media, like blogs and wikis, into our classroom. Weiss addresses how you might do this at a scope that I have yet to see, both examining the transformations in the learning environment as a whole and how very precise developments in technology change how we engage information.

What is most striking, though, is how traditional his ultimate conclusions are: That real learning is about critique, discussion, and examination–not gaining and storing information in the brain. What he provides is a comprehensive assessment of how to engage students with contemporary technology to make this goal a reality.

Posted in Media, Teaching.


Structure and Principle

Today I found out about a new “structure” for teaching writing, called the Jane Schaffer method. You can find an outline of what this looks like online. I’m struck by the regimentation of this method, not only suggesting how to structure particular paragraphs but dictating the transitions and content down to the sentence level. Although he spells her name wrong, this critic hits some of the problems with trying to teach writing through strict structures. He seems concerned that people will lose their creativity and love of writing. I think the issue is even deeper, as such rigid structures suggest to students that ideas are best conveyed in tight little packages like this.

Don’t get me wrong: I’ve found teaching principle and structure invaluable to helping students learn how to write better. I try to teach more open structures, though, that really focus on developing principles, and I make sure that students understand that these are exercises, what the principles are we are working on, and how they can be used in real writing. The problem with structure is when the teaching of structure is divorced from principle, when students learn this as an arbitrary structure, the right way to do things, or, most likely, the right way to perform properly to impress a teacher and get a grade.

Learning to write in constraints is important. When we move on to professional, academic, journalistic, or even creative and personal writing, we write through a set of constraints built off of the expectations of our readers and our cognitive processes as humans. Readers make evaluations about our writing, and as a result take in information, based on how we relate to those constraints. When teaching structures, it is also good to convey to students that this is also an exercise in learning a set of constraints and fitting to them, learning to enter into them and make them sing.

But when we build our structures too rigidly, students lose this. They are overwhelmed by the structure to the extent that they fail to get the principle. If its too tight, they view structure as something that you want to package your ideas into, rather then something that is really in the service of communication and expression.

The other danger is the hidden demon of evaluation, that a teacher can succumb to the temptation to use conformity to a rigid structure to evaluate a student rather then really engaging with and evaluating the effectiveness of a student’s writing. It’s a real temptation. Evaluating student writing is hard work.

Posted in Writing.